Newton, The amount of force required to accelerate one kg, one meter per second per second. 4.45 newtons equals one pound of force.
Newton-Second, The typical unit of measurement for rocket thrust. One newton-second is one newton of thrust maintained for one second.
(EMRR Glossary Library)
Impulse, Thrust force multiplied by time. The units of measurement are usually Newtons and Seconds.
(EMRR Glossary Library)
Total Impulse, The total thrust produced by a rocket motor across its full burn time. Usually expressed in Newton-seconds.
(EMRR Glossary Library)
Average Thrust , The total impulse (in Newton-seconds) divided by the length of burn time. Example; a K185 motor has a total impulse of approximately 1400 Newtonseconds, and burns for 7.5 seconds. 1387.5 Newton-seconds divided by 7.5 equals 185 newtons average thrust.
(EMRR Glossary Library)
Motor Designations
Each AeroTech composite hobby rocket motor or reload kit has a designation
which provides important information about performance. The designation is read as follows:
G64-4W
First Letter
The first letter is a code which indicates
total impulse in Newton seconds produced by the motor. Each succeeding letter has up to twice the power of the preceding letter (see first attatchment). A G motor has up to 160 N-seconds of total impulse.
(Aerotech 2009 - 2010 Catalog, page 3.)
Total Impulse: The total thrust produced by a rocket motor across its full burn time. Usually expressed in Newton-seconds.
(EMRR Glossary Library)
First Number
The first number indicates the motor's
average thrust in Newtons.
A (one) Newton is equivalent to 0.225 pounds of force.
(Aerotech 2009 - 2010 Catalog, page 3.)
Average Thrust: The total impulse (
in Newton-seconds) divided by the length of burn time. Example; a K185 motor has a total impulse of approximately 1400 Newtonseconds, and burns for 7.5 seconds. 1387.5 Newton-seconds divided by 7.5 equals 185 newtons average thrust.
Newton-Second, The typical unit of measurement for rocket thrust. One newton-second is one newton of thrust maintained for one second.
(EMRR Glossary Library)
.225 x 185 newtons average thrust = 41.625 pounds of average thrust?
A Newton is equivalent to 0.225 pounds of force.
Total impulse of a G64 divided by the burn time of a G64 = ???? lbs of average thrust?
WHERE DO I FIND THE TOTAL IMPULSE AND BURN TIME OF A G64? Aerotech catalog? Thrustcurve.com? WTF?
Second Number
The second number shows the time delay, in secondsbetween propellant
burn-out and activation of the ejection charge.
Second Letter
The second letter indicates the propellant formulation of the motor.In this case the "W" indicates "White Lightning". Additional letters or numbers may
be added to denote other performance characteristics.
Here's a link to the page the infamous chart came from.
https://www.apogeerockets.com/Aerotech_Reload_Motors.asp#24_Reloads
Scroll down several pages until you find the chart. There's an explanation that goes with the chart.
Then you need to find out about the 5:1 launch ratio.
Avoirdupois weights:
The common traditional system of weights in all the English-speaking countries. Until the introduction of the metric system, almost all weights were stated in avoirdupois units, with only precious metals being measured by troy weights and pharmaceuticals by apothecary weights. The name of the system comes from the Old French phrase avoir du pois or aveir de pois, "goods of weight," indicating simply that the goods were being sold by weight rather than by volume or by the piece. The system is based on the avoirdupois pound [1] of 7000 grains. The pound is divided into 16 ounces [1], each divided further into 16 drams [1]. The avoirdupois system was introduced in England around 1300, replacing an older commercial system based on a "mercantile pound" (libra mercatoria) of 7200 grains divided into exactly 15 troy ounces [2]. Scholars believe the avoirdupois pound was invented by wool merchants and modeled on a pound of 16 ounces used in Florence, Italy, which was an important buyer of English wool at the time. The avoirdupois weights quickly became the standard weights of trade and commerce. They continue to be used for most items of retail trade in the United States, and they remain in some use in Britain, Canada, and other areas of British heritage despite the introduction of metric units there.
The avoirdupois pound is divided into 16 ounces. By international agreement,
one avoirdupois pound is equal to exactly 453.592 37 grams,
1 oz =28.349523 grams.
Meter or Metre (m):
The metric and SI base unit of distance.
Originally, the meter was designed to be one ten-millionth of a quadrant, the distance between the Equator and the North Pole. (The Earth is difficult to measure, and a small error was made in correcting for the flattening caused by the Earth's rotation. As a result, the meter is too short by a bit less than 0.02%. That's not bad for a measurement made in the 1790's.) For a long time, the meter was precisely defined as the length of an actual object, a bar kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in Paris. In recent years, however, the SI base units (with one exception) have been redefined in abstract terms so they can be reproduced to any desired level of accuracy in a well-equipped laboratory.
The 17th General Conference on Weights and Measures in 1983 defined the meter as that distance that makes the speed of light in a vacuum equal to exactly 299 792 458 meters per second. The speed of light in a vacuum, c, is one of the fundamental constants of nature. Since c defines the meter now, experiments made to measure the speed of light are now interpreted as measurements of the meter instead.
The meter is equal to approximately 1.093 613 3 yards, 3.280 840 feet, or
39.370 079 inches. Its name comes from the Latin metrum and the Greek metron, both meaning "measure." The unit is spelled meter in the U.S. and metre in Britain; there are many other spellings in various languages (see Spelling of Metric Units).
1 inch = 25.4mm (2.54cm)
12 inches (1 foot) x 25.4mm = 304.8mm (30.48cm)
36 inches = 1 yard or 914.4mm (91.44cm)
1 meter = 39.370079 inches or 1000mm (100cm)
1 meter =
39.370079 inches divided by 12 inches (1 foot) = 3.2808399 feet, which equals 1 meter
1000 meters = 1 Kilometers
Mile (mi) [1]:
A traditional unit of distance. The word comes from the Latin word for 1000, mille, because originally a mile was the distance a Roman legion could march in 1000 paces (or 2000 steps, a pace being the distance between successive falls of the same foot). There is some uncertainty about the length of the Roman mile. Based on the Roman foot of 29.6 centimeters and assuming a standard pace of 5 Roman feet, the Roman mile would have been 1480 meters (4856 feet); however, the measured distance between surviving milestones of Roman roads is often closer to 1520 meters or 5000 feet. In any case, miles of similar lengths were used throughout Western Europe. In medieval England, several mile units were used, including a mile of 5000 feet (1524 meters), the modern mile defined as 8 furlongs (1609 meters), and a longer mile similar to the French mille (1949 meters). None of these units corresponded with the Scottish mile (1814 meters) or the Irish mile (2048 meters).
In 1592, Parliament settled the question in England by defining the statute mile to be 8 furlongs, 80 chains, 320 rods, 1760 yards or 5280 feet. Using the international definition of the foot as exactly 30.48 centimeters, the international statute mile is exactly 1609.344 meters. (In
technical U.S. usage, the statute mile is defined in terms of the survey foot and equals about 1609.3472 meters; this unit is called the survey mile. In athletics, races of 1500 or 1600 meters are often called metric miles. See also nautical mile.
1 mile = 5280 feet
5280 feet (1 mile) divided by 3.2808399 feet (1 meter) = 1609.3439 meters in 1 mile
Furlong (fur):
A traditional unit of distance. Long before the Norman Conquest in 1066, Saxon farmers in England were measuring distance in rods and furlongs and areas in acres. The word "furlong", from the Old English fuhrlang, means "the length of a furrow"; it represents the distance a team of oxen could plow without needing a rest. A furlong equals 40 rods [1], which is exactly 10 chains, 220 yards, 660 feet, or 1/8 mile. One furlong is exactly 201.168 meters, so a 200-meter dash covers a distance very close to a furlong. The length of horse races is often stated in furlongs.