I use #9 Lead shot .080" dia. it's the smallest shot available which means it can pack the tightest in the smallest places, or furthest forward in the cone. Weighting .05g ea it's also very easy to determine exactly how much weight your adding. Great for those little "on the field" adjustments

encased in epoxy is best, but a little CA will hold those adjustments.
Powder: Unless the NAR has changed something in the last week or so. NO such "outlaw rule" exists. While helping make the 100 official payloads for Naram-35 we opted for sand ONLY because it filled the minimum length of tubing requirement better leaving less to be Plugged with wood blocks which were throwing off the balancing of the lead filled payloads. You can still present whatever 1oz. payload you wish to fly in competitions as long as it meeting the dimensions and weight requirements.
Legally I've had this conversation with a few Lawyer friends on both sides of the issue. My conclusion; Use whatever suits your building situation. If one is speared by a rocket filled with a pound of lead or a pound of feathers, which hurts worse?..sure isn't the preception.. What's the difference..NONE. The nose cone is the part thats doing the damage, not what fills it. Since the "filler" was installed in the nosecone with the intent of making the model Stable in the first place a Mishap is then an Accident without negligence. Clay, BBs, Sand, Nails, screw eyes, washers, foam, feathers, bullets or just epoxy. If your gonna get speared by a model..the MODEL is the thing that hurts. Trying to pin the wrap on the internal components would mean NO more reloadable metal motor casings either.
OBTW; I know it's always on peoples minds but remember we'er over 40 years of flying Model Rocketry without single death and only a handful of mostly minor burn accidents. I know one kid had an eye injury doing something stupid. Even so, after all these years Model Rocketry is still the safest Hobby/sport on earth even with (or in spite of) HPR
