I use a small 2.4 ah gel cell battery for my launch control system. What is the best and easiest way to charge the battery? Can I use a 12 vdc AC adapter? Does it need some sort of circuitry? Or can I just hook it up to my car battery?
Batteries need to be charged with DC, not AC, so you can't use an AC adapter.
You can recharge a gell cell using a cigarette lighter adapter as a charger in you car, however you do not want to leave it connected for long periods of time. Make sure you use polarized connectors so you can't reverse the leads, or you will destroy the battery.
Gell cells must be charged more carefully than a liquid lead acid battery because the gell will trap any gas generated in the event of an overvoltage and greatly decrease battery capacity and lifetime. The use of a multi-step charge such as the one mention in this thread is highly recommended. Most two step chargers first recharge in a current limited mode, one mentioned charges at 0.5 A, and the once the current drops to a certain rate, it will switch over to a constant voltage charge of 13.8 vollts. When the current drops to some low value, if it has a charged light, it will turn on.
Leaving a gell cell on a trickle charger is not recommended due to the potential for gassing, but 13.8 volts DC is the absolute long-term holding voltage if you do this.
Bob