The Lost History of Model Rocketry

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majordude

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I was peer pressured by NikeRam to start this thread. :)

He had posted some comments about MRI who I, and others, confused with MPC. I've been in and out of the hobby since I was a kiddo way back in 1972.

I had written to him in a PM, "The sad thing, to me anyway, is that a lot of hobbies lose track of their past. Amazingly, a lot of rocketeers know of G. Harry Steine and Vern Estes[, after all these years... perhaps] because of their publications or enduring companies. But companies like SSRS, Vulcan, Compost Dynamite, AVI, Canaroc, Enerjet, Centuri, MRI, Coaster, etc. fade away from memory... yet most somehow furthered the hobby either by keeping it afloat, current or innovation. I don't think that there would have been an AVI without Estes or an Aerotech without an Enerjet or a Tripoli without an NAR... :rofl: I wish that there was a Model Rocketry Museum or Hall of Fame!"

And so we are here.

Share your memories, photos, scans, etc. of lost hobby history!

3, 2, 1... LAUNCH! :clap:
 
Shrockets by Shrox. Mostly teases and vaporware. (A nice way of saying an incredible struggle worthy of an ABC After School Special.)
 
For those that remember those good old days it can really be easy to be nostalgic. Enerjet was made by Centuri and Centuri was a worthy competitor to Estes, not just a copy cat. I remember another small company in the mid-60's called RDC or Rocket Development Company. They sold a simple economical static test stand with good quality that I used for a high school science project. It is now 50 years later and there is no similar product on the market. No wonder some call the 60's the Golden Age of Model Rocketry. Thank goodness that we have the AP-composite motors ushered in by Enerjet and others.
 

That's great..... I wonder if I can sneak over there next Wednesday. Wednesday is usually killer meetings day for me.

Mr. Hagedorn is a genuinely nice fellow, too.......

Related to that, Quest used to have a good deal of the history of Carlisle and Stine and Model Missiles on their web site, but it disappeared a couple of revamps ago. The originals of all those letters between the two of them are part of the collection that Curator Hagedorn will be showing off next week...but scans were posted and made for fascinating reading. Ah, here is at least some of it courtesy of archive.org: https://web.archive.org/web/20110715135408/https://www.questaerospace.com/q_museum.asp
 
G. Harry Steine

Compost Dynamite


Based on the insistence that C.A.T.O. is equally correct as catastrophic failure I guess it would be totally useless to point out that those two examples from the first message are mis-spelled. "Language and accuracy is fluid" , or some nonsense like that.

Anyway, It's G . Harry Stine. Not Steine.

Composite Dynamics was the first rocket company that Gary Rosenfield created. At NARAM-16 in 1974, they displayed engines, but did not produce them until few years later. By 1978 they had a nice E composite, the E20, size of a D12. Used plaster-like nozzles in fiberglass cases. To keep the plaster from eroding too much, there was a small metal washer in the throat, drilled to the correct diameter for the throat. I loved those motors, they had a nicer thrust curve than any other composite motor at the time ( All the other companies I can recall that made composite motors in the 1970's were progressive thrust, low thrust at ignition, high thrust near burnout, which was a very bad thrust curve).

There were occasional Catos. The company was sometimes referred to as Compost Dynamite because of catos (I must say I never had any fail). Another example of Idiocracy and C.A.T.O. over cato, that the real name of the company was not mentioned , and the insulting nickname was used as though that really was the actual name of the company.

Sometime between 1979 and 1982 or so, Composite Dynamics went away and Aerotech was born.

The chain of events regarding AVI goes back two companies, before fast-forwarding to Quest. Mike Bergenske created Model Rocket Industries (MRI) in the 1960's. General Mills wanted to get into rockets, for their MPC brand. So they worked out a deal with Mike Bergenske, so MRI sort of phased over into MPC and Bergenske made great use of that money from General Mills to make engine machines reportedly better than Estes had, and to design injection molded parts which up to then no rocket company had done (and none ever has done to that extent). This explains why some of the later MPC kits were copies of the old MRI Kits (like the Zenith Two Payloader, I have an unopened MRI Zenith Two kit). When General Mills/MPC dropped rockets like a hot potato in 1972 or so, Bergenske and a few others banded together as AVI to buy up what was left, including the engine making machines that GM/MPC had paid for (I'm a bit hazy on this. There may have been some contracts that allowed Bergenske part ownership in light of however the MRI merger had been done).

G Harry Stine had worked on some of the MPC kits, and was part of the AVI group. But something fell through along the way, G. Harry and others were no longer involved, so it was Bergenske & his family. By 1975 AVI finally came out with many interesting engines, some from about 5/16" diameter, up to an F engine that fit into a BT-55. The best of those engines were the 18mm D6.1 engine (like a C6 burning for 3.5 seconds), and the 24mm E11.8 (like a D12 burning for 3.5 seconds). There was also the incredible AVI "encyclog" catalog, which was not only big and impressive (hey, they listed parts for dollhouses!), but 99.9% vaporware. About the only things AVI delivered on were the engines, and tons of leftover old MPC kits for sale at good prices. Well , there was an all-20mm rocket called Lineas Gigantus, made up of many 20mm tubes and 19mm couplers, about 6 feet tall or more. It was quite notable in that it popped the nose cone off and glided down backwards. I do not recall any "new" post-MPC kits that AVI had other than that one (maybe there were a few but if so that was the only notable one).

By 1978, things started going downhill, and in 1979 they were bankrupt.

When Quest finally got going (which is a complicated story in itself, which Bob S. could write tons about), they had the old MPC/AVI engine making machines, and those were used for the Quest engines until there was a fatal fire in their plant in Northern Mexico. Yes, Northern Mexico, just across the border from Arizona. Lots of the Quest kits used, and many still use, nose cones, fin units, and other parts made from the original MPC injection molds.

There is a LOT of stuff to fill in between the lines there. And people who have previously related far better details for some of the things above, than I have.

- George Gassaway
 
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G. Harry used to write quite a few history articles on the hobby for Modely Rocketry, Model Rocketeer and American Spacemodeling magazines. These magazines can be read online or copies on CD/DVD are available from NARTS.

I wrote a pretty good article on the history of Enerjet for Launch Magazine. :wink:

Many other articles have been published.

Some history is available in the TRF Archives (COX).

There is still room for more articles about the history of our favorite hobby.
 
George - thanks for the MRI, MPC and AVI history.
That's pretty much the way I remember it.

I made a phone call to Myke Bergenske in March of 2011 to answer some questions.
(I knew Myke in the mid 1970s and built a few catalog and display models for AVI)

From that blog post:
https://modelrocketbuilding.blogspot.com/2011/03/some-mri-mpc-and-avi-questions-answered.html

He explained at the peak of production, MPC was producing 40,000 engines a day! They were producing engines in three work shifts, 24 hours a day!

I asked if the Quest engine making machines (now in storage) are the original MPC machines?
After MPC stopped making rocket kits and engines, FSI (Flight Systems Incorporated) bought some MPC machinery for next to nothing.
When they got the machines back to Missouri the Reese's (Owners of F.S.I.) couldn't get them working. Myke came out and got them up and running.
(This was when FSI added 18mm engine production.)
Bill Stine (Quest) later bought the machines from FSI. These were the machines used when Quest made their engines here in the U.S.

Some interesting information from Myke:
The largest sale of MPC rocketry merchandise was to KMart for $670,000!
GM (General Mills the parent company of MPC) thought the MPC model rocketry sales should be in to $40 million dollar range per year.
Sales were 1/10th of that, at $4 million. Still, pretty respectable.

During the space race, rocketry sales went up 10% every year.
In 1970, MPC exceeded Estes in sales!
 
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I remember those days. It was nice to have more choice for motor purchases.
 
I don't know much history. All I know is that as a kid, I lived close to a farm, and my neighbors went out one day in the fall and shot off some rockets using their car battery. I said to myself, "Someday, I want to do that."

40 years later, here I am. And I can do it with six double-A cells. :)
 
Don't forget Propulsion Dynamics Inc., aka Prodyne. Prodyne was producing for sale E & F series BP motors with phenolic casings as far back as 1963. This was basically a one man company owned and operated by John Rahkonen of Utah. I believe his motors, both sustainers and boosters, predate most other manufacturers of that era. John pushed the higher power aspects of the early MR hobby through the time of his departure from planet Earth a few years ago.

[When I have some time I will scan in some catalog images, and also post a few photos of his motors.]
 
Don't forget Propulsion Dynamics Inc., aka Prodyne. Prodyne was producing for sale E & F series BP motors with phenolic casings as far back as 1963. This was basically a one man company owned and operated by John Rahkonen of Utah. I believe his motors, both sustainers and boosters, predate most other manufacturers of that era. John pushed the higher power aspects of the early MR hobby through the time of his departure from planet Earth a few years ago.

[When I have some time I will scan in some catalog images, and also post a few photos of his motors.]

As some of you know Mr. Rahkonen passed away a few years ago. He was a retired chemist from Thiokol working there many years. He lived in a suburb just south of where I live here in Utah. He had been buying and stashing surplus chemicals from Thiokol for years. After he passed away his widow notified the local authorities/fire departments and the whole stash was carted away and destroyed. The story made the local headlines.
 
For those that remember those good old days it can really be easy to be nostalgic. Enerjet was made by Centuri and Centuri was a worthy competitor to Estes, not just a copy cat. I remember another small company in the mid-60's called RDC or Rocket Development Company. They sold a simple economical static test stand with good quality that I used for a high school science project. It is now 50 years later and there is no similar product on the market. No wonder some call the 60's the Golden Age of Model Rocketry. Thank goodness that we have the AP-composite motors ushered in by Enerjet and others.

I remember those motor test stands, a spring and rotating drum. A few years ago I built my Rube Goldberg version based on that design. Load cell it's not, but does give decent motor info.

phonerocket test 003.jpg

rocket test 3.jpg
 
I will never forget Centuri...

Estes was a worthy competitor to Estes. They both were owned by Damon for a very long time, and when they finally merged, it was actually a reverse merger into Centuri, but Estes was more widely known, so hence Estes is the surviving brand.

Here's a pic of Lee Piester and I taken at his Hobby Bench store in West Phoenix last year. Super nice guy. As a kid, I bought nearly everything at his store at Paradise Valley Mall without even knowing the Centuri connection.

IMG_1017.jpg

I built mostly Centuri kits as a kid. Thank's to the late great Carl McLawhorn and family at Semroc for bringing so many of them back.
 
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Launch Magazine (https://www.launchmagonline.com) had a whole bunch of excellent articles on hobby rocketry history and was still around last September, the last time I checked, but is now gone. Just checked the Internet Wayback Machine, but it only archived the front page, not the articles. Another valuable asset lost. Hope someone archived it.
 
I'd love to know more about the Estes Series III engines. As far as I know, they were 1/2A and 1/4 A engines with the empty space sawed off so one could put them in smaller rockets.
 
I'd love to know more about the Estes Series III engines. As far as I know, they were 1/2A and 1/4 A engines with the empty space sawed off so one could put them in smaller rockets.
There is not much more to it than that. They came in A power as well.

They were, as I understand it, literally sawn-off larger motors. There was a hint in an old MRN that the sawing part came after the motor was made.

Shorties were not around long; maybe five years, ending when Estes "Maxi-Brutes" appeared in 1971. They were around long enough to appear in the blue "diamond box" packaging. I have a couple of packages like that. When I build my Midget and Firefly I'll use them!
 
I'd love to know more about the Estes Series III engines. As far as I know, they were 1/2A and 1/4 A engines with the empty space sawed off so one could put them in smaller rockets.
Last year, after an interesting article in Sport Rocketry about a foreign model rocket launch where a foreign manufactured series of motors was mentioned, I emailed Sport Rocketry to ask for an article just about foreign motors and discontinued US motors. They responded that that was a great idea and they knew just the person to write it, an avid motor collector, historian, and international competitor (don't recall the name), but the article has yet to materialize. I encourage everyone to email them to ask for an article on US motor history and current foreign motors.

Launch Magazine's (now dead) site had a great article on the history of Enerjet and early high power motors in general. Damn, so much great stuff is lost to dead sites... I hope someone archived the articles on that site.
 
If you want to see a few, look in the upper left hand corner.

DSC_0012 modd 60 - Copy.jpg

I'd love to know more about the Estes Series III engines. As far as I know, they were 1/2A and 1/4 A engines with the empty space sawed off so one could put them in smaller rockets.
 
I'd love to know more about the Estes Series III engines. As far as I know, they were 1/2A and 1/4 A engines with the empty space sawed off so one could put them in smaller rockets.
In the 1970-72 time frame, the A5-x was also available as a shorty. But that was the last hurrah for these 18mm x 1.75" motors. By that time, Estes had already begun dropping some of the shorty motors.

In 1972, the 13mm T-motors were released for the new Mini-Brute line of rockets, and they took the place of the shorties in the Estes motor lineup.

For what it's worth, the current B6-0 could have been a shorty back in the day. Its BP grain is short enough to fit within the 1.75" length. But the B motors back in the 60's had thicker walls which resulted in grains that were too long to be cut down to shorty length.

Doug

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