Assuming that one does NOT have the LCD receiver, can this new TX still be programed?
It would be harder to do, but it should be possible with something like the Prolific serial adapter Cris provides or an FTDI adapter you can buy from elsewhere. You'd have to know the exact commands to send via a PC/Mac, it's definitely harder and riskier (if you send the wrong command to the RF module I believe you can brick it, or at least make it much harder to get working again).
Note that the power received on the B6 board's 3-pin header goes directly to the Hope module (the GPS also I think), so it
needs to be 3.3V. The Prolific adapter (I believe) and some FTDIs provide 5V, so it would very likely destroy things to make that connection instead of the expected 3.3V. But if you fed the 5V in where the battery goes instead I believe it would work (no guarantees however, the GPS might draw more power than the USB-to-serial things are designed to provide), or if you used a USB-to-serial adapter that provided 3.3V instead of 5V it should definitely work, you should also be able to connect the normal TX battery and only make the GND and TX connections to the B6 board.
I actually built an RX to do basically this, I made a few hacks during soldering and added a 2-position switch so that my RX can either be in "run" mode or "program" mode, and I could just send the right serial stream from a script to change the RX's frequency in program mode. I did this since I like to have an LCD in my hand for walking to the rocket, and an RX connected to my laptop back at camp to record the full path of the rocket. The RX is built and works as expected, I still need to clean up my script so that I can feel more safe using it, at my last launch I just bounced between this one and my original non-hacked RX when I wanted to change frequencies to avoid having to reprogram the RX at the launch.
I should note that if you run Windows (so I'd stop reading right here
) I'm pretty sure there is software that can reprogram the Hope module, so that part would be a bit easier, just connect the cable with the proper power and use the program to change the settings. The only setting to change in this case is the RF frequency, and each ID step is another 250kHz (so "909 ID 5" is actually 910.250MHz).